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How Do Magnet Planar Headphones Work? If you've not yet tried a pair headphones that utilize magnetic drivers with planar design it might be difficult to get your head around how they work. a knockout post employ two flat magnets which are sandwiched in thin diaphragms with conductors. This is different from the voicecoil actuator, which drives a stiff cone back and forward. Diaphragm Magnet planars are flat pieces of flexible film, which is different from traditional dynamic headphone drivers that have cone or dome-shaped diaphragm. The film is etched with conductors that react to magnets that are placed on across the membrane. The diaphragm reacts and moves when the magnetic field generated by these magnets gets triggered by the electrical signal that runs through the wires. This movement creates soundwaves that you can then hear. The diaphragm of the human body is a dome-shaped muscular membrane that separates the thoracic (chest) and abdominal cavities. It is the main muscle of respiration and is involved in the process of inspiratory action (exhaling air), such as breathing, sneezing, coughing, laughing, crying vomiting, and even parturition. The diaphragm is also vital in expulsive actions such as urinating and defecating as well as pushing out the fetus during birth. Due to the ultra-light and thin structure of a planar diaphragm it is more sensitive to changes in the audio signal than dynamic drivers. This gives planar magnetic headphones an audio that is more delicate and precise than what you get with a dynamic driver. One of the disadvantages of planar magnetic headphones is that they tend to have a bit more leakage than their dynamic counterparts, especially at higher volume. This is because the movement of the diaphragm within a magnet planar headphone causes some of the audio to be pushed outwards and toward the listener. This is not a problem if you only listen to music in quiet settings or when watching movies however, it can be a problem for public listening and active use. There are a few options to minimize the amount of leakage. These include the Audeze LCD-4 and HiFiMAN Sundara. Wisdom Audio, for example, is a pioneer in the development of PMD technology. They have worked hard to address issues with this type of headphone. This is why they have patents on various innovations that you see in their products. For instance, their latest flex circuit-based planar winding overcomes the limitations of stamped copper windings, giving them a better utilization factor. The Conductors Conductors link the diaphragm with the magnets and are the ones responsible for the sound you hear. They are typically made of a mixture of copper and aluminum. They are then wrapped around an underlying magnetic core which is enclosed by the diaphragm and supported by the frame of the headphone. The magnetic core can be constructed from any type of material, but the most common is Neodymium. The core is the primary component of any planar magnetic audio driver. It is made up of a series of nested layers of a circular helix with an area of 10-20mm. One of the main advantages of planar magnetic drivers is that they create a much wider soundstage than their dynamic counterparts. This is because the entire diaphragm is vibrating when an audio signal is received instead of a tiny portion that is attached to the voice coil. This greater surface area results in lower distortion levels especially at higher volume. Another significant feature of a magnet planar is its ability to respond quickly to changes in the audio signal. This enables a wider range of frequencies that can be reproduced and more realistic sound. This is a fantastic feature for audiophiles who enjoy music that incorporates a variety of instruments and vocals. Furthermore, the stacked design of a planar magnetic reduces part-to-part variability and is ideal for mission-critical applications that require high reliability. They provide greater consistency and lower magnetic field distortion compared to traditional wirewound magnets. This is essential for the success of electronic devices. The Magnets As the name suggests it is a material that possesses magnetic properties. It can draw attention or repel force on certain materials, like nickel and iron. It can also draw or repel electrical conductors. This phenomenon is called magnetism. It can be created through electromagnets, permanent, or temporary magnets. Magnets are employed in a variety of applications, such as electronic devices like mobile phones, headphones, and laptop computers. Contrary to traditional balanced armature or dynamic drivers, which push a rigid diaphragm that is connected to a voice coil, the planar magnetic driver technology employs an extremely thin, light, flexible diaphragm that can vibrate to create an unidirectional sound wavefront, instead of the spherical focused wavefront common in most headphones and speakers. This results in a more clear and spacious soundstage and is recognized for its rich bass. The primary drawback of planar magnetic headphone drivers is that the large magnets they contain require plenty of power. This makes them more heavy and bulkier than other types of headphones drivers. This is why many planar magnetic drivers require a dedicated power amplifier in order to function properly. The amplifier must be constructed so that it matches the power output of the planar magnetic driver in order to provide an optimal listening experience. The amplifier should also have a high input impedance to allow it to operate the planar magnet driver to its maximum output. The planar magnetic driver is typically designed to be either a dipole (radiating equally and in a different phase in front of and behind the speaker, similar to ESLs) or a Monopole (radiating only in the forward direction similar to traditional headphones). The most popular design is a bi-pole that has one north and one south pole. Its shape makes it easy to build as a single piece of steel and is very effective in creating a strong field in the center of the faceplate. Planar magnetic drivers are more efficient and have a smaller distortion because of their dimensions. They are used in high-end headphone systems where sound accuracy matters. They can also be found in professional audio equipment such as microphones and loudspeakers. They are also ideal for medical imaging and other sensitive applications requiring high precision. The Seal To perform well for optimal performance, planar drivers need to be sealed extremely securely and precisely. A tiny leak can drastically affect sound quality and cause distortion. It requires an enormous amount of effort to make the perfect seal for the planar driver. Contrary to many headphone designs, planar magnetic headphones must not have any gaps within the enclosure for acoustics. This is because gaps could cause the diaphragm's resonance to be triggered with multiple frequencies simultaneously. This is known as crosstalk, and it can cause the entire sound quality to be affected. The most commonly used seal for planar magnetic headphones is the rubber ring seal. This seal is very effective in preventing air leaks. It's also extremely durable and can last for a long period of time. It is crucial to remember that this type seal can sometimes produce an unnatural sound. Therefore, it is important to select a high-quality rubber seal if you are planning on using a planar magnetic headphone. Another alternative for a planar magnetic driver is the liquid crystal display (LCD) seal. It is a specialized seal that prevents gaps from creating. It is also constructed to withstand a substantial amount of pressure. It is a great choice for audiophiles looking for high-quality sound quality. LCD headphones can produce a clear and detailed sound. This is particularly true for high-end models, such as the Audeze LC-4 and HiFiMAN Susvara. It is possible to find LCD headphones with the same sound quality for a lesser price. It is important to remember that planar magnetic headphones create a greater sound pressure than dynamic headphones. This is due to the way they are made. They differ from dynamic headphones since they contain two magnets that pull against the diaphragm. This can create a strong force that generates high frequencies. Planar magnetic drivers are a relatively new technology in the headphone industry. They have already begun to revolutionize how people listen to music. In addition to their high-quality sound, these headphones are also very comfortable to wear and easy to adjust.